Signs and symptoms generally appear during infancy or preschool years and vary greatly between individuals. Disability can be on one side of the body or affect the whole body.

Movement and coordination problems:

• Impaired muscle coordination
• Involuntary movements
• Abnormal or exaggerated reflexes
• Slow and writhing movements
• Reduced movements at joints
• Spastic paralysis
• Floppiness or rigidity in the trunk and limbs
• Unsteady walking
• Abnormal posture
• Problems with swallowing
• Excessive drooling
• Difficulty in speaking
• Eye muscle imbalance

Neurological disorders:

• Hearing and vision Problems
• Abnormal touch and pain sensations
• Intellectual disabilities
• Mental disorders
• Urinary incontinence

Common tests & procedures

Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI): MRI of the brain is performed to identify any abnormalities within the brain.

Ultrasound: Cranial ultrasound is generally used for infants; it uses high-frequency sound waves to form images of the brain.

Electroencephalogram (EEG): Used to record electrical activities in the brain and check for seizures.

Laboratory examination: To check for genetic or metabolic disorders.